What’s the Difference Between Vaccine Mixing: AstraZeneca, Pfizer and Moderna
The world is looking for positive news in the midst of a global pandemic, and key to unlocking that potential is the discovery of a vaccination against Covid-19. Already prominent names have been tossed around by health officials, such as AstraZeneca, Pfizer and Moderna. But what’s the difference between the three?
In this article, we’ll explore the differences between mixing AstraZeneca, Pfizer and Moderna Covid-19 vaccine doses. We’ll compare and contrast their various characteristics, including proteins, adjuvants, side effects/safety, and stability/potency. By understanding the nuances between the different types of vaccines, individuals can make more informed decisions on how to best protect themselves and their families.
Overview of Covid-19 Vaccines
COVID-19vaccines can be divided into three broad categories: mRNA (for example, the Pfizer vaccine or Moderna vaccine); recombinant vectors (such as the AstraZeneca vaccine); and live-attenuated virus (such as the Johnson & Johnson vaccine).
Each vaccine is designed to work slightly differently, with its own unique set of advantages and drawbacks. It’s important to understand the differences between the types of vaccines and how they can provide effective protection against COVID-19.
AstraZeneca Vaccine
The AstraZeneca vaccine is a recombinant vector vaccine, which means it uses an inactivated, harmless version of another virus – adenovirus – to deliver synthetic genetic material (in this case, the SARS-CoV-2 virus) into the body. This genetic material codes for the antigen which the body uses to create immunity, without actually exposing the body to the virus itself.
The vaccine does not replicate in the body, so it cannot cause Covid-19. It is safe for most people over the age of 18, and is distributed in two doses at least four weeks apart. Side effects may include pain and/or swelling at the injection site, as well as headache, fatigue, and/or muscle pain.
Pfizer Vaccine
The Pfizer vaccine is an mRNA vaccine, which means it works by introducing messenger RNA (mRNA) into the body. These contain the genetic instructions for the body to produce a protein that is similar to the virus spike protein, which triggers an immune response from the body.
The vaccine does not replicate in the body, so it cannot cause Covid-19. It is safe for most people over the age of 16, and is distributed in two doses at least 21 days apart. Side effects may include pain and/or swelling at the injection site, as well as headache, fatigue, and/or muscle pain.
Moderna Vaccine
The Moderna vaccine is also an mRNA vaccine, which works in the same way as the Pfizer vaccine. However, it is slightly different in that it uses a different version of the genetic material to code for the antigen which triggers an immune response.
This vaccine is also safe for most people over the age of 16, and is delivered in two doses at least 28 days apart. Side effects may include injection-site pain, redness, and/or swelling, as well as headache, fatigue, and/or muscle pain.
Comparing AstraZeneca, Pfizer and Moderna Vaccines
Here’s a look at the differences between AstraZeneca, Pfizer and Moderna vaccines:
Proteins
The AstraZeneca vaccine uses the SARS-CoV-2 virus’ spike protein. The Pfizer vaccine uses a synthetic version of the virus’ spike protein, and the Moderna vaccine uses a modified version of the virus’ spike protein.
Adjuvants
The AstraZeneca vaccine uses aluminum salts to increase the body’s immune response. The Pfizer and Moderna vaccines do not use adjuvants.
Side Effects / Safety
All three vaccines are judged to be safe for most people over the age of 18, with the exception of the Moderna vaccine which is approved for people over the age of 16. Side effects are generally similar, with some minor differences (such as injection-site pain with the Moderna vaccine, etc.).
Stability / Potency
All three vaccines are judged to be relatively stable and potent. However, the Pfizer vaccine can remain stable for longer at lower temperatures and has a slightly higher potency than its peers.
Vaccine Mixing
Vaccine mixing has become a hot topic of discussion in the last few months. Can you mix AstraZeneca with Pfizer, or Moderna with AstraZeneca? Generally speaking, the answer is no – mixing vaccines is not recommended. Each vaccine will work differently in the body, and there is a risk that if they are mixed, they may not be as effective as they’d be when taken individually.
Individuals should only receive the same vaccine for both doses, with the exception of one of the Oxford AstraZeneca vaccines which can be administered with either a Pfizer or Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine for the second dose.
It’s important to note that scientists are continuing to study the effects of mixing vaccines and the research is ongoing. The best way to protect yourself and your loved ones is to follow the advice of your local health officials, who are up-to-date with the most current research.
Vaccines from AstraZeneca, Pfizer and Moderna offer a more secure and reliable way of protecting ourselves and those around us from Covid-19. It’s important to understand the differences between them in order to make the most informed decisions on how to best protect yourself and your family.
Although there is ongoing research into vaccine mixing, the best way to protect yourself and your loved ones is to follow the advice of health officials. Stick to one type of vaccine, remain up-to-date on all the current research, and take all the necessary safety precautions when venturing outside. Together we can beat this virus!